Suchergebnisse

Cover -- Half Title -- Dedication -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgements -- 1 Introduction -- 2 Historical, Social, Cultural, and Legal Organization of Rape -- Introduction -- Women's Roles in Society -- Historical Definitions and Punishments of Rape -- Contemporary Definitions and Punishments of Rape in the United States -- Courtship and Dating -- Historical Perspectives on Courtship and Dating -- Historical Perspectives on Violence and Aggression in Courtship and Marriage -- Changes in Rape Laws -- Summary -- References -- 3 Prevalence and Incidence -- Introduction -- Rape and Sexual Assault -- Official Estimates -- Contemporary Research -- Summary -- References -- 4 Characteristics of Victims, Offenders, and the Context of Date Rape -- Introduction -- Characteristics of Rape Victims -- Characteristics of Rapists -- Interactional and Situational Factors -- Degree of Relationship -- Socialization -- Myths About Rape -- Summary -- References -- 5 Public Perceptions of Sexual Intercourse -- Attitudes toward Date Rape -- Degree of Force -- Nature of the Relationship between the Offender and the Victim -- Situational Factors -- Characteristics of the Victim -- Sex Role Socialization and Stereotyping -- Rape Myth Acceptance -- Summary -- References -- 6 Theories and Models Addressing Forced Sexual Intercourse -- Introduction -- The Definition of Violence -- Perspectives on Violence through History -- Explanations for Violent Acts -- Explaining Forced Sexual Intercourse -- The Feminist Perspective -- Social Learning Theory -- The Sociobiological Perspective -- Social Disorganization and Legitimate Violence -- State of the Art -- A Beginning Model -- Summary -- References -- 7 Understanding and Addressing -- Introduction -- A Preliminary Model -- Addressing the Social Problem -- Looking to the Future -- Bibliography

Axiomatic theory construction was used in this study to analyze the likelihood of participation in premarital sexual intercourse by college women. The sample consisted of 754 never‐married female students enrolled in a midwestern, residential university who responded to a sexual attitudes and behavior survey. Forty‐eight empirical propositions concerning premarital sexual intercourse were tested, nineteen of which were found to be statistically significant. Three derived propositions were reformulated from these findings, which in turn were utilized to develop two middle‐range theories: commitment theory and cultural milieu theory. These theories clearly demonstrate the role of changing personal and societal attitudes toward sexuality and perceived partner commitment in the decision to become sexually active.

This paper comments on a paper by Solvi Sogner published in ADH, 1986, p. 353-359, where she maintains that a taboo on sexual intercourse during the period of lactation was practiced in medieval Norway after christianisation. It is shown that there exists no

It is widely believed that people can remember the age at which they
first had sexual intercourse. Questions about age at onset are routinely asked
in population sexual behaviour surveys and in clinical history-taking.
However, there are limited test–retest data, especially with regard to
individual differences in unreliable recall. In this study, telephone
interviews and follow-ups an average of 15 months later were conducted with
570 non-virgin subjects aged between 28 and 73 years. Test–retest correlations
for recalled age at first intercourse were 0·85 for females and 0·91 for
males. Consistency was slightly
lower among older people and women with a history of sexual abuse. There were
no significant
associations between consistency of recall and measures of personality,
educational background or history of alcohol dependence and depression.

Exploratory quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to compare the perceptions of premotherhood preparation and the means of coping with motherhood among three groups of single mothers (those who conceived by sexual intercourse, those who adopted, and those who conceived by donor insemination) and married women who conceived by sexual intercourse. The pathway to motherhood influenced the single women's premotherhood thinking about the role of a father in their child's life in that the sexual-intercourse mothers were less likely than either of the other two groups to mention that a father's absence is hard on a child or to mention that most kids end up without fathers anyway. The only group that reported any significant distress was a subgroup of sexual-intercourse single mothers whose pregnancies were unplanned. These findings suggest that single motherhood per se is not associated with difficulties but that the adjustment to motherhood is influenced by whether the choice to become a single parent occurs before or after conception.

This study presents associations between the perceived social rejection of sexual minorities and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption and unprotected sexual intercourse in the capital of Greece, Athens. This is the first Greek study to evaluate the concept of the minority stress theory on sexual minorities' substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse. In addition, this is among the first international studies to examine whether periods of adverse economic conditions are associated with sexual minorities' substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse. Two panel datasets covering the periods 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 were used to determine the perceived social rejection, that is, whether sexual minorities have been rejected by friends, treated unfairly in educational and/or workplace environments, treated negatively in social situations and received poor health and public services due to their sexuality. The estimates indicate that perceived social rejection is associated with the increased consumption of tobacco (by 9.1%, P ﹤0.01), alcohol (by 7.1%, P ﹤0.01), and cannabis (by 12.5%, P ﹤0.01), as well as unprotected sexual intercourse (by 6.5%, P ﹤0.01). In the first three cases, the magnitude of the associations is stronger for men than women and there is increased cannabis consumption during periods of deteriorated economic conditions (by 5.5%, P ﹤0.01). In the European Union, reducing stigma, substance use, risky sexual behaviours, and health inequalities for sexual minorities is a goal of public health. If minority stress is correlated with substance use and risky sexual behaviours leading to detrimental physical/mental health outcomes then prevention and support interventions should be designed.

Abstract. The article presents data on the social characteristics of first sexual intercourse (FSI) among secondary school students in Slovenia, collected as part of the research project "Sexuality of Secondary School Students in Slovenia". The results show that for most respondents their FSI was a planned event occurring within an intimate partnership. Protective measures are used to a considerable extent. There are statistically significant gender differences in the majority of the results. The data show responsible behaviour during the FSI, although a share of the respondents is exposed to sexually transmitted infections (STIs). The data may be used for policy decision-makers, especially in terms of sex education and addressing the STI issue.
Keywords: first sexual intercourse, age, secondary
school students, sexually transmitted infections, pregnancy

Purpose. Evaluate youth assets or potential strengths and sexual intercourse associations by household income. Design. Data consisted of youth and parent responses from randomly selected households from a cross-sectional study and wave one of a longitudinal extension of that study. Youth assets and sexual intercourse were compared for four income categories. Setting. Midwestern racially diverse, inner-city neighborhoods. Subjects. One adolescent (12–19 years) and one parent (2335 pairs). Measures. Adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using logistic regression. Variables assessed included parent and youth demographics, youth sexual intercourse, and youth assets (adult and peer role models, family communication, use of time [religion or sports], community involvement, future aspirations, responsible choices, and health practices). Results. Youths' mean age was 14.9 (6 1.8) years, and 52% were female; 44% of respondents were white. Use of time (religion) was significantly associated with never having sex for all but the lowest income youth (OR range = 1.79-2.64). The variable peer role models was significant for the lowest income (OR = 2.01) and two upper income groups (ORs = 2.52 and 4.27, respectively). The variable future aspirations was significant for the lowest income youth (OR = 1.77). Conclusion. The youth asset variable future aspirations was critical for the lowest income households. Other asset variables, such as peer role models and use of time (religion) were critical regardless of income. (Am J Health Promot 2011;25[5]:301-309.)